5 tips for choosing a primer for walls

Priming the floor is an essential and key step in the formation of flooring. Surface preparation for further decor installation is carried out using primer mixtures, and it is not difficult to do it yourself.

The need for primers is often underestimated. This is largely due to insufficient knowledge of the properties of the material.

After drying, the concrete base evaporates water, due to which voids and cavities are formed, which significantly reduce the strength of the base.

Primer for the floor is used during the initial treatment. Thanks to this, you can increase the tenacity of the connection of the plate with the decor. Moreover, the floor will be even, strong and at the same time smooth.

The need for a primer for the floor

The primer for floor screed allows you to solve numerous problems, the main of which are:

• screed on wood, plywood is able to strengthen the base. By using the mixture, it will avoid further damage, reducing the load level,
• the primer in front of the self-leveling floor allows the formation of uniform absorption in the base to ensure a reliable connection of concrete with the decor,
• increased adhesion.

Paying attention to the indicated functionality, you can understand that a primer is used under the tiles on the floor and other decorative materials.

Using a deep penetration primer

Deep penetration is used for the following surfaces:

The presence of a special composition is used for surface treatment with a penetration depth of up to 1 cm. Using a primer, it is possible to significantly strengthen the base and increase adhesion.

Important! For priming the concrete surface are used - acrylic polymers, antiseptic and numerous biological additives.

The mixture is great for working with subfloors, as it can adhere well.

Universal soil

Universal mixtures have the following properties:

1. strengthening
2. seal
3. adhesion - the effectiveness is significantly lower than when using specialized ones.

Application and pouring technology allow talking about indoor use.

Distinctive features are:

• weak stock of chemistry,
• ease of mixing
• ease of use.

The positive aspects are the use in warm and cold rooms (without heating).

The drying period does not exceed 4 hours.

The first option is practical and can be used to solve any problems, for example, for the treatment of wooden surfaces.

Reinforcing soils

A simple example is a deep penetration primer. With its help, you can not only increase the density of the floor, but also significantly reduce the level of absorption of the base.

Penetration depth up to 5 cm.

Primer for underfloor heating - the optimal scope. For external work it is used extremely rarely.

Adhesive primers

The best known products include Betocontact primer. All domestic enterprises, without exception, are engaged in its manufacture.

The composition includes:

1. a polymer dispersion based on acrylic or urethane resin,
2. pigments
3. modifying additives
4. mineral fillers.

The last component is considered the most significant and at the same time distinctive feature.

Multi soil

The most interesting view from the point of view of manufacturing technology.

The scope of the primer is diverse:

• for forming a screed of cast asphalt and bitumen bases, ceramics, stone (natural or artificial),
• in order to form a warm floor,
• for cement and other subspecies screeds.

The composition allows you to use the mixture for applying the finish coating on the floor before laying the laminate.

No. 1. What is a primer for?

This question is asked by everyone who is engaged in repair, doubting that soil is generally necessary. So why do we need a primer and what does it consist of? The composition of primers includes film-forming polymer materials (resins, oils, glues), pigments, drying accelerators and various additives to give the necessary qualities. Primers do not have decorative properties; they are used for coating with finishing materials, but can be tinted if necessary to simplify the process of applying the cladding.

Primers are available in the form of ready-to-use formulations or powders on the wall, which must be prepared according to the instructions. The composition may vary significantly depending on what surface the primer is intended for and what conditions will be in the room where it is used. Regardless of composition primer functions remain unchanged:

• surface hardening, therefore, for loose, porous, uneven and weak substrates, the use of a primer is strictly necessary. For the most fragile surfaces, primers of deep penetration are used, which are "climbed" into the thickness of the material by 8-10 cm, while conventional compounds penetrate only by 2-3 cm,
• improved adhesion with the finishing material, which is the main function of the primer. With its help, roughnesses are removed, and absorbent surface properties are reduced, What allow save material consumption for finishing up to 30%. Theoretically, some surfaces do not need priming, but in practice such a solution brings additional costs. On the surface of any type that has been primed, paint, plaster, glue, mastic and others materials are easier to applylie better and are stronger
• special substances that make up primers, increase the moisture resistance of the wall, protect against the appearance of mold, fungus, rust.

Manufacturers today offer a huge variety of compounds that can confuse an unprepared person and make them buy not entirely suitable material from hopelessness. To determine which primer is best to choose, you should clearly understand what surface will the composition be applied to, take account of features of the room and type of future decoration material. On sale you can find special compounds for metal, wood, brick, drywall or for places with high humidity. It is worth paying attention to the information indicated by the manufacturer, but it is better when you can double-check it, knowing the features of a particular composition, therefore it is worth studying the properties of the main types of primers before buying.

Appointment

The primer is one of the most common and sought after finishing materials. It is used for various purposes. Let's consider them in more detail.

• Using a high-quality primer, you can even out the surface of the subfloor. Many finishing materials (for example, porcelain stoneware, laminate, parquet, tile or linoleum) must be laid on a prepared base. To achieve the desired effect, you just can’t do without soil.
• The primer is often laid on a cement screed. Due to this tandem, cement substrates become more malleable in operation. Putting other coatings on them becomes much easier.
• Finishing floor materials, which were laid on a foundation covered with soil, have a longer service life. This effect is achieved by increasing the degree of adhesion of the coatings. Due to this feature, the finish is not subject to the formation of cracks, chips or delaminations.

• The concrete surface of the floor becomes more durable after soil treatment. Therefore, many consumers during the repair rush to strengthen the floor with a high-quality primer. Without it, concrete can deteriorate over time.
• The primer is designed to protect the base of the floor from aggressive chemicals. Few people know that dampness and the substances dissolved in it can penetrate putty on various bases. Often this leads to chemical reactions that have a detrimental effect on finishing materials. Using a high-quality primer mixture, you can forget about such problems.
• The primer can significantly save on subsequent finishing materials, since it closes the pores in the base structure.
• It is necessary to maintain the natural moisture level at the base. A surface that has not been finished with soil, as a rule, is overdried or too damp, and this is very detrimental to the durability and strength of the floor base.
• Special primers with a high degree of moisture resistance are often used if there is a “warm floor” system in the room. Such mixtures are often used before laying tiles in rooms with a high level of humidity (kitchen, bathroom, bathroom).

The primer is necessary so that dust does not accumulate on the finish of the base. It is a very useful addition for a rough floor. Due to it, the base and decorative material will serve for a long time without causing any hassle.

Types and properties

Currently, there are several varieties of primers. Each of them has its own characteristics and properties. Due to the selection provided, a suitable composition can be purchased for any conditions.

Alkyd

Such primer mixes are found in stores quite often. They are purchased primarily for finishing capricious wood surfaces before painting. There are two subspecies of alkyd primers. The choice of the best option largely depends on what kind of paint you plan to transfer to the wooden floor. After complete application, such mixtures dry in about 10 hours.

Glifthal

Similar types of soil are quite popular. They are in demand, as they are ideal for finishing metal surfaces. However, glyphthalic solutions can only be used in closed rooms where there are no drafts. Such primers dry for a day (sometimes a little longer). Today, in stores you can find a good alternative to glyptal primers - zinc-filled mixtures.

Epoxy

This two-component mixture is most often used for concrete foundations. With its help, the surface of the base can be made more durable, reliable and wear-resistant. In addition, after applying the epoxy, the floor becomes more moisture resistant. Epoxy mixtures are often used as an independent layer. They have high adhesion. There are no aromatic solvents in the composition of the epoxy primer, so when working with it you will not feel an unpleasant and pungent odor.

Perchlorovinyl

Such primers are used for brick and plastered surfaces. However, experts argue that perchlorovinyl compounds should be used only in cases where the processed object is located on the street. Such types of soil are often applied to concrete street platforms or screeds. If you intend to purchase this primer mixture under a screed, then you should choose it based on the material from which the base is made (and not the screed itself). Perchlorovinyl mixtures dry quickly enough. It takes about 1 hour.

Polyvinyl acetate

These types of primers can be used if you plan to paint the base with polyvinyl acetate paint. At the same time, the type of material of which the floor is made does not matter. This type of mixture dries in record time: it only takes 15-20 minutes.

Polystyrene

These types of soil should be purchased for wooden floors and substrates finished with plaster. In addition, polystyrene primers are often used for subsequent installation of the self-leveling floor. It is worth noting that polystyrene compounds can not be called environmentally friendly and absolutely safe.

They contain aggressive and toxic compounds. For this reason, the use of such mixtures in confined spaces is strongly discouraged, otherwise you may be harmful to your health.

Acrylic

One of the most popular and sought-after varieties of primer material are acrylic mixtures. Such products are distinguished by the fact that they are suitable for almost any flooring. In addition, they do not have an unpleasant and pungent odor, so working with them is quite easy. Many consumers choose acrylic mixes for processing the bases, since they can be used to finish concrete floors.

Solutions penetrate into its structure to provide increased adhesion. Such properties are especially useful if you plan to lay laminate or linoleum on the floor. Also, acrylic compounds can be used in the design of floor screed.

It is not recommended to use acrylic compositions for finishing dark iron: they can cause corrosion on such substrates.

If you do not want to spend extra money, are confident in your abilities and knowledge, you can make a primer yourself. Today, there are many different recipes, adhering to which you can create a truly high-quality and practical soil.

At the same time, it is important to carry out manufacturing technology as accurately as possible.in order to eventually get the liquid of the desired consistency and quality. Consider the features of the choice of purchased material.

How to choose?

As you can see, the range of primers is quite rich. Each consumer has the opportunity to choose the perfect option. Take note of the specific advice of specialists in the field of construction and repair.

• The choice of the optimal composition, first of all, depends on the material of which the floor is made. For example, to finish a concrete base, experts recommend buying an acrylic or epoxy mixture.
• If you want to buy a primer mixture for a floor consisting of wood (particleboard, MDF, OSB), you should look for a special option that has the ability to penetrate deeply. Alkyd, glyphthalic, polystyrene and acrylic solutions are suitable for this description.
• If you are going to primer the floor in a room that is characterized by a high level of humidity or does not have heating systems, it is better to give preference to a composition in which there are special water-repellent components.

• If you are going to prime the floor base under the varnish, you should choose a colorless transparent composition. With its help, you can successfully emphasize the structure of the tree.
• If you want to achieve an effect under the paint, then you should purchase a colored primer.
• When the subsequent laying of tiles is planned, it is worth using a primer, which will ensure minimal absorption of the substrate. This is necessary so that the base does not take water from the adhesive compositions.
• For flooring, polystyrene primer is ideal for pouring. However, in working with it, one must not forget about its toxic composition.
• Do not look for too cheap primers. Too low a price may indicate poor quality composition. Better buy branded products of well-known and trusted brands. Such mixtures will delight you with the durability of the flooring and high quality.

Manufacturers

Today, there are many manufacturers on the market of finishing materials that produce high-quality primers for flooring.From the long list should be highlighted the most popular brands. These include:

• "Expert",
• Clims
• Uzin.

The products that these brands produce are very popular among modern buyers, because they are of high quality. The assortment of these companies is quite rich, so every consumer can choose the optimal composition.

Application Tips

Priming the floor is not the most difficult task. Even an inexperienced home master can easily do such work. We’ll take a look at some simple tips from professionals to help you coat the floor with a primer.

• Do not forget about preparing the foundation for future application of the primer. It must be dried if it is raw. In addition, all debris, dirt and dust must be removed from the floor.
• Sand the base if necessary. After this, the cleaning should be repeated.
• It is necessary to prepare the mixture based on the instructions that manufacturers indicate on the original packaging. If you do not want to mess with the dry composition, you should buy a ready-made mixture that does not need to be prepared for finishing work.

• After this, dip the roller in a container with prepared soil. Apply the mixture on top of the cleaned base until dust has settled on it.
• First, the roller should be parallel to one of the walls, and then perpendicular (along the same wall). Such application is considered the most high-quality and convenient.
• After this, thoroughly grease all the corners in the room. You can use a brush. We must not forget about the joints that are between the floor and floors.
• Never skip any part of the floor during soil treatment. Too much primer mixture should also not be applied.
• It is necessary to cover the entire area of ​​the rough floor base with soil. After that, he needs to allow to dry, and then apply a second layer of the composition.
• If you are not comfortable working with a roller, then you can very well use a special brush with a long handle.

Security measures

When working with any primer mixture, we must not forget that it is a chemical product. Experts strongly recommend the use of tight gloves when working with such formulations. Try to avoid getting the solution on exposed skin. Sometimes masters do not dispense with ordinary gloves - they specially acquire painting overalls. To some people, they seem uncomfortable, however, in terms of security, this defect is not so important.

Do not forget that many varieties of primers are quite difficult to wash from different surfaces. If you accidentally stain your hands with such compounds, they will remain dirty for several days. The most toxic and hazardous to health polystyrene primers are rightfully recognized. You need to work with them especially carefully and prudently. In no case do not finish the floor with such a mixture in a completely closed room. Specialists recommend that you wear special masks and the highest possible gloves when working with polystyrene primers.

For how to prime the floor, see the next video.

Primers for concrete floor

The base, made of concrete, is a rather porous surface, so it requires the use of certain compounds. Concrete itself has low adhesion, so it is especially important to treat it with a primer, which will increase the adhesion between the base and the finish and reduce the cost of paints, varnishes, adhesives and other means.

Most often, polymer primers containing quartz sand are used for priming concrete. The roughness of the concrete surface due to the tool will increase significantly, and hence the adhesion will increase. A polyurethane or epoxy primer is also often used, but it is recommended to use it in rooms in which floors experience significant mechanical stress.

Primer before screed for concrete floor

On a note! Epoxy primer is the best option for coating the subfloor inside the workshops and various production rooms.

For the treatment of concrete floors, it is recommended to use the Betoncontact primer. By its properties, the composition resembles polymer soils, it contains quartz sand and significantly increases adhesion. Another advantage of Betonkontakt is the extension of the operational life of the foundation.

Primer for flooring "Concrete Contact"

Repairing a seam in a concrete floor using a primer

No. 2. Types of primers for walls by composition

Depending on the characteristics of the composition, such main types of primers:

• acrylic primer - most universal compositionwith which it is possible to cover wood, concrete, chipboard, brick, old and fresh plaster. Acrylic primer can be used to treat porous substrates, it is odorless, dries quickly (about 5 hours), forms a “breathing” surface. The only minus is not suitable for priming metal surfaces,
• alkyd primer - ideal for processing wooden surfaceswhich, under the action of such a primer, acquire a slightly expanded structure, due to which excellent adhesion with any finishing materials: from wallpaper and painting to cement-sand coatings. One coat of such a primer dries for about 15 hours. Substances that inhibit corrosion and mold may be added to the composition.
• glyphtal primer - one of the few compounds that can be processed metal surfaces. It is also sometimes used for drawing on wooden walls. The primer dries up during the day, but has a limitation - it is suitable only for relatively dry rooms, as it loses its properties when exposed to high humidity,
• vinyl chloride primer - a universal composition with which it is possible to process wood, brick, plaster and even metal. It dries quickly, and in summer at high temperatures one layer dries in 1 hour. Inside the premises, this primer is not used due to its toxicity, but for external work she can come
• polyvinyl acetate primer consists of a polyvinyl acetate dispersion and latex, can be applied to any surface and is used only as a base under polyvinyl acetate paint. Dries quickly, up to 30 minutes,
• phenolic primer used as the first layer in the processing of metal and wooden structures. The composition dries up to 15 hours, is used to carry out only external work,
• polystyrene primer also cannot be used for interior work, it processes plastered and wooden surfaces,
• aluminum plasters, as a rule, they are used to treat wooden surfaces and additionally protect them from damage by a fungus,
• epoxy primers Suitable for metal and concrete. They protect metal from corrosion, and allow concrete to better adhere to the finish,
• shellac primers used for processing wooden surfaces and prevent the release of resins,
• mineral primers They are made on the basis of gypsum, lime and cement, and are used for surface treatment of concrete and brick walls. Such soil dries from 3 to 24 hours, which depends on the thickness of the layer and the nature of the surface material.

You can also find on sale universal primers. The very name of these compounds suggests that they can be used for application on any surface. They are used to perform minor construction and repair work, when the right composition with specific qualities was not at hand, and sometimes also for surface treatment, consisting of different materials.

Number 3. Properties and purpose of the primer

Depending on the room in which the primer will be used, for surface treatment, you can choose compositions with specific properties:

• deep penetration primer - an option for loose and not strong enough surfaces. The composition is able to perfectly strengthen such a wall and significantly reduce paint consumption. Often such compositions are used to impregnate a surface finished with plaster, but this does not interfere with the use of a primer for applying to drywall, brick, foam concrete and aerated concrete. If necessary reliable primer for wallpaper, especially for their heavy species, you can safely opt for such compositions. It is not recommended to use a deep penetration primer for processing surfaces with poor ability to absorb moisture,
• antiseptic primer for wet rooms (bathroom and kitchen) in the composition has special substances that prevent the appearance and development of the fungus, has water-repellent properties and can even reduce the ability to ignite the base. Such compositions provide such high adhesion that the surface of the material and finish adhere very strongly, and no microorganisms can seep into the joint. In the bathroom, it is recommended to apply a primer in three layers,
• anticorrosive compounds indispensable for the treatment of metal surfaces, prevent the formation of rust, increase the service life,
• adhesive compounds and non-contact primers use when it is important to achieve the maximum level of adhesion with a smooth and absolutely non-absorbing surface (concrete, previously painted walls). They include sand or needle quartz particles that increase adhesion. Such primers can be used to treat the base before gluing heavy wallpaper.

Manufacturers must indicate on the packaging what type of surface the primer is intended for, where it is recommended to be used, and what approximate material consumption will be for different types of surface. When choosing a primer, experts advise paying attention to the products of those manufacturers whose finishing materials you use - as a rule, the products of one company are perfectly combined.

Number 4. Top Primer Manufacturers

It is unlikely that one can argue that the primer from a major eminent manufacturer is of high quality. Buying a compound from a little-known company is always a risk: maybe you are lucky and the material will meet expectations, or maybe it will not have the declared properties or, worse, spoil the surface. If you do not want to risk the quality of repairs, it is better to go to the shelves with products immediately in the store well-known manufacturers of primers:

• Ceresit - A leader in the production of building mixtures, exists for more than 100 years and always focuses on advanced technologies, quality control and expanding the range. Due to the fact that today the company's factories are located in Russia, the cost of production was reduced without loss of quality. The assortment includes a primer and a primer-concentrate of deep penetration, a primer for absorbent mineral substrates, a primer for decorative plaster and a non-contact primer for processing smooth substrates,
• Knauf - A German company, exists since the 30s, has been represented on the domestic market since 1993. They pay great attention to innovation, continuous improvement and implementation of integrated solutions for repair work. The assortment is represented by deep penetration primers, universal compositions for absorbent substrates, primers for cement plaster,
• Tikkurila - A Finnish company that has been operating since 1862. Factories are located in 7 countries of the world, they produce paints and other finishing and construction materials. Primers are represented by acrylic compositions, universal, waterproofing and adhesive compositions,
• Caparol - A brand known throughout the world. The history of the company began back in 1885 in Germany, and today its products are used in hundreds of countries. It produces primers for indoor and outdoor use, including frost-resistant and antiseptic compounds,
• Weber - A company that is now part of the Saint-Gobain group and produces construction mixtures under the Vetonit brand name. In assortment there are primers for external and internal works, if necessary they can be tinted,
• Ivsil - A domestic company, operating since 1997, has been constantly evolving and today has grown into a major manufacturer of building mixtures. Produces a universal primer and primer deep penetration,
• "Prospectors" - A domestic company, founded in 1992. At first only putties were produced here, then they began to establish the production of other mortars and mixes, improved formulations, purchased raw materials from leading manufacturers, introduced innovations, and now it is one of the largest Russian manufacturers of primers. The assortment includes universal compounds, primers for highly absorbent surfaces, and concrete contact primer.

No. 5. How to apply a primer?

The process of applying a primer is no more complicated than painting the walls. Experts recommend priming the wall not only for the finishing material, but also before leveling it (by applying plaster or putty). Before applying the primer under the facing layer, make sure that the surface is even, smooth and has no noticeable defects.

For work, you need the selected primer, bath and tools for applying the composition: soft roller and brush for hard to reach areas. Some use a spray gun, but its use is not always justified. The consumption of the composition depends on many factors and averages 100-200 ml per 1 m 2. The main surface is treated with a roller, the corners and the most difficult places are primed with a brush. When the first layer has dried up, they begin to apply the second, if there is a need for it (when the wall structure is fragile). After the primer has completely dried, you can proceed to the finishing work.

It is not difficult to cope with the priming of the walls yourself, and when choosing a primer, carefully study the information indicated on the package: this will save you from a wrong purchase and tell you how to work with the composition correctly.

Concrete floor primer

Concrete contact is a soil in which acrylic acts as a binder with the content of quartz sand and cement. These components improve the adhesion of plaster and putty to a surface that does not absorb moisture well: concrete floors and walls, tiles, old paint residues. This is a great option for concrete floors. After all, a feature of monolithic concrete is that it absorbs moisture very poorly. For bulk floors, this composition is also suitable, in this way the waterproofing of the base is created.

Penetrating compositions are used to fix the base, to reduce the absorption of moisture by brick, plaster. This type of primer also enhances the adhesion of the coating to the wall. Used for cement-sand floors, as well as for the repair of old coatings.

What are primers?

The market of building materials offers a wide selection of primers from various manufacturers. All of them can be divided into universal compounds, which can be used in premises of any purpose, and specialized compounds.

Primer for the floor - classification

Important! For work inside and outside the premises, different specialized compounds are selected. One that will successfully work inside the room can fail if you use it on the street.

It is best to buy specialized mixtures, as they are most adapted for use in specific conditions and are able to better withstand various external negative influences, respectively, better protecting the surface of the subfloor. Universal soils have rather mediocre performance and it is better not to make their choice in their favor.

Prefer to a specialized primer

Soils can be sold both ready-to-use and concentrated. Here you need to pay attention to the packaging and follow the recommendations for use.

Important! Concentrated soil without dilution is not recommended.

Also, primer mixtures can be divided into two main categories - these are surface compositions and compounds that penetrate deeply into the structure of the treated base.

Table. Categories of primers.

Deep penetration soils

There are also primers that aim to protect the base from water penetration. They create a special film on the surface, which will not allow moisture to get to the subfloor. But such primer mixes are used only on substrates that do not need to be further strengthened. Commonly used for processing concrete floors, floors.

Primer to protect the floor from mold and mildew

The process of applying a primer to the floor

Primers are also divided into several types, depending on the components included in the mixture.

Alkyd soils

This type of primer is used for the treatment of surfaces made of wood or metal, but it is mainly used for wood substrates. For the treatment of concrete screed, drywall, such a composition can not be used. It is usually applied before the surface is painted. Drying time of this composition is about 10-15 hours.

Application of alkyd primers on the plank floor

The alkyd primer can make the surface of the wooden base somewhat loose, due to which, for example, when pouring the screed, the cement composition tightly adheres to the tree - the combination of the two materials will be as strong and reliable as possible. Also, such a soil will protect the tree from rotting, parasites, and mold.

Alkyd soil suitable for processing OSB

Acrylic primer

This is perhaps the most popular type of primer mixes, since compositions belonging to this category can be used on any surface. When processing a concrete screed, its surface receives maximum adhesion. The mixture does not smell, is diluted with ordinary water, and can be used when pouring a screed layer. Drying time is 5 hours. Also, compositions of this category can be called emulsion.

Acrylic primer suitable for any base.

Attention! Acrylic primer can not be used on dark iron, because it can cause rust.

Epoxy primer

This type of soil is usually processed concrete foundation. It is especially recommended to use this composition for surfaces experiencing significant moisture - it can even be applied on a slightly damp base. The soil is chemically resistant and can be diluted only with special solvents. It can be used to create a primer coat before pouring self-leveling compounds or painting screeds.

Epoxy floor primer

The primer is applied to the concrete floor.

Polystyrene primer

This primer is great for treating wooden or plastered surfaces. It is quite toxic and therefore cannot be used in confined spaces where it is not possible to ventilate the room. It is also important to observe safety precautions while working with the composition and use personal protective equipment.

Other types of soil

In addition to the primers described above, there are other, less common types of primers.

Table. Less common types of soils.

It is interesting that the soil can be prepared independently - this option is suitable for those who are used to save. Most often, a deeply penetrating primer mix is ​​made based on PVA glue.

Concrete primer

Technological features of the manufacture of floors

Today, more and more often in apartments located in new buildings, the floors are insulated with a water or electric system. This is a very expensive option of insulation, but this will help save on heating.

Flooring on the ground in a private house has both pros and cons. It is possible to do the floor with your own hands. It is simply necessary to observe the entire sequence of stages of work. For flooring on the ground on a strip foundation there is a complex technology. After all, it consists of a large number of layers (pie): from the ground to the finish.

"Correct" floor in layers

So, in SNiP this order of this work:

• Fill a layer of sand or soil with gravel.
• Reinforcement. Reinforcement reinforce all subsequent layers and protect them from shrinkage.
• Concrete pouring - to distribute the pressure.
• Provide waterproofing using bitumen mastic, fiberglass, polyester.
• Thermal insulation using polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, expanded clay, polyurethane. Polyfoam - a budgetary heater, expanded polystyrene - more expensive, but the quality is higher.

Tip: to avoid heat loss in the room, be sure to do the floor insulation.

• The most important bearing layer is the installation of a reinforced concrete slab.
• We make a leveling screed with a cement-sand mortar.

The advantage of this design is a long service life, any finishing, budget option. Among the minuses - the height inside the building will decrease, the complexity.

How to wash the primer from the tile on the floor? Moisten the dirt with the same composition - and the stain will soften, then you can easily remove it with a sponge.

Primer on the floor

It’s easy to work with any type of primer. The entire application step can be described in just a few steps.

How can primers be applied to the floor?

Step 1. The preparation of the draft base for applying a layer of soil is being carried out. First of all, if it is raw, it needs to be well dried. Then all construction debris, dirt, dust is removed from the surface. All oil stains are degreased and paint stains are removed. If necessary, grinding the surface with a grinding machine. Dust and dirt are again removed. A construction vacuum cleaner is usually used to remove dust from the surface. In some cases, wet cleaning and again drying the base may be necessary.

First, the base is prepared

Step 2 In accordance with the instructions on the packaging, the mixture is prepared if necessary (there are also ready-to-use primers on sale). All components are mixed in one container, thoroughly mixed.

Primer preparation

Step 3 Using a roller, the primer is applied to the prepared substrate until the dust settles on it again. The roller at first moves parallel to any wall, and then perpendicular to it - such an application will be of the highest quality.

Primer application on the base

Priming process

Step 4 Carefully lubricate all corners and joints between the floor and walls. Do not skip pieces of the surface or apply too much soil at once. Application should be uniform.

The primer must be applied evenly.

Step 5 Primer is applied to the entire surface of the subfloor. After this, it is recommended to let it dry and apply another layer of soil.

How to prime a concrete floor

On a note! It is possible to apply soil not only with a roller, but also with a brush on a long handle.

Type of foundation and subsequent flooring

Making the right choice of a floor primer for a bulk floor or solving another problem is not as difficult as it might seem initially.

The key point is the type of material that the rough floor consists of, in particular:

1. for concrete, an epoxy or acrylic mixture is used,
2. in the presence of increased humidity in the room or in the absence of heating - water-repellent impurities are used,
3. deep penetration mixtures are used for wood,
4. opaque compositions are used for the floor to be painted.

For example, if half is intended for tiling, the primer is selected with a specialized mixture, which allows for low absorption rates. This eliminates the likelihood of water being pushed out of the tile adhesive.

Type of premises

The primer for a bulk floor or for the purpose of using the soil in a different direction is a key choice that directly depends on the type of room.

For example, in order to process a rough screed, the use of a deep penetration mixture is recommended. Often it is used in:

Those. in rooms with high humidity. It is often recommended to use liquid glass.

In ordinary areas, concrete contact is used. Of its shortcomings, the lack of protection against fungus and mold is distinguished.

Cost

Depending on the selected mixture, its cost can vary significantly.

In particular, the average cost is:

1. colorless acrylic antiseptic primer - 950 rubles per 5l.,
2. colorless acrylic antiseptic primer - 500 rubles for 2.5 liters.,
3. universal soil - 200 rubles. for 10 liters.,
4. universal soil - 150 rubles. for 5 liters

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the brand of the manufacturer also affects the cost of the finished mixture. For example, a primer of 10 liters. may differ in price several times or more.

Ease of use

Regardless of the type of soil chosen, there is nothing complicated to use. This is especially true for finished products. Typically, the packaging says the method of use and how to do it correctly.

Universal primers are considered the easiest to use, since they are suitable for any type of surface.

In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that many builders and apartment owners in order to save money independently make soil. In this case, you need to have ordinary PVA glue and water.

Important! To make the primer, add 1 part of glue and 2 parts of water to the prepared empty container, i.e. observing a proportion of 1 to 2. Next, mix the solution well and add a little gypsum or chalk.

As a rule, the primer obtained is used to self-level the surface, to lay porcelain stoneware, tiles, linoleum or to install a self-leveling floor with a future warm installation.

To primer the concrete surface, it is recommended to add a little cement of the M-400 brand.

Popular products and manufacturers

The largest manufacturers of floor primers, which are represented on the Russian market, are:

1. Knauf is a German manufacturer that entered the domestic market back in 1993. All products have numerous positive reviews. A distinctive feature is the high quality and use of environmentally friendly products. Among the most famous soils, I distinguish Tiefengrunt and Concrete Contact with the possibility of deep penetration.
2. Caparol - Another German manufacturer, which from the first year of selling its goods has gained popularity not only among ordinary buyers, but also large construction firms. Due to the excellent combination of price and quality, demand is only growing annually.
3. Bergauf - A relatively young manufacturer. Despite this, his popularity is growing in big strides and is already occupying one of the leading positions. Russian consumers highly value the quality of the primer, which is distinguished not only by its versatility, but also by its high environmental friendliness. A distinctive feature is the ability to use in any room and outside.
4. Unis - Domestic manufacturer, which includes many companies. A distinctive feature is the presence of a wide range of goods that meets European quality standards. The primer mixture can be used in any climatic conditions, while ensuring maximum tenacity.

The presented brands offer quality products, the difference between them is only the established pricing policy.

How to choose a primer for concrete floors

For a concrete base, you need to choose a composition that is designed specifically for this type of floor. It is also important to consider the requirements for the primer and the features of the decorative coating, the condition of the floor, the structure of the substrate (degree of looseness and porosity).

Before deciding how to primer a concrete floor, you need to consider all existing options.

Primer selection by type of exposure:

• Deep penetration - for porous floors, the composition increases the adhesive ability of the surface, ensuring good adhesion of different materials.
• Hardening compounds are ideal for worn-out old concrete floors, as they bind small parts of the screed into a single monolith. Such primers reduce the risk of further surface damage, increase adhesion properties, and significantly extend the life of decorative finishes.
• Adhesive - can cover already treated or untreated surfaces, give the base maximum adhesion indicators for good adhesion of the surface to the finishing material.

When thinking about how to primer a concrete floor, it is also advisable to remember some features. So, the composition should be an antiseptic - this will help to avoid dampness, fungus, mold. If the floor will be exposed to dirt, water, snow, oil, gasoline, etc. (in an industrial room, for example), it is better to choose a waterproof or water-repellent primer.

Primer for concrete floors must necessarily be suitable not only for concrete, but also for decorative materials. Usually all the data can be found in the instructions. The quality of the primer should be the best - the savings are inappropriate here, so you need to trust only trusted manufacturers, focus on customer reviews, the availability of quality certificates from the seller.

The choice of mixture for the purpose of the room:

• For residential premises - you need to choose safe compounds (mineral, acrylic, for example).
• Rooms with high humidity - primers are waterproof, water-repellent.
• Public premises with high floor loads, exposure to chemical, mechanical factors - the emphasis when choosing a mixture is on water resistance, maximum adhesion and increased strength.
• Warehouses, workshops, hangars - it is advisable to use waterproof reinforcing primers that are not afraid of aggressive environments, chemical influences.

A high-quality primer for a concrete floor must meet the following criteria: penetrate deep into the structure of the material, lie evenly and smoothly, form a water-repellent film, and reduce the consumption of materials that finish the work.

Application technology

There is a primer on sale in the form of a ready-made solution or a dry mixture, the manual for preparation in this case is on the packaging.

A dry mixture should be prepared exactly following the instructions, excessive dilution with water can violate the properties of the solution.

Also, the proportion of water should not be reduced in this case, peeling of the applied layer is possible, which will lead to the need to start the whole process anew.

The priming of concrete surfaces should be carried out at plus temperature and a mixture of humidity recommended by the manufacturer.

With a significant increase in humidity, the applied solution may foam, which will lead to its unsuitability.

The primer should be applied with a roller or spray, and in places where this method is not effective, you should use a brush.

Typically, such a coating is applied in one or two layers, depending on the density of the surface.

Related video:

If friability or slight damage to the concrete base is detected, the solution should be applied until the absorption ceases and a film appears indicating that the problem area is well-saturated.

Consumption per 1 m² of concrete floors

The primer consumption for a concrete floor can be different, which directly depends on the components included in the composition, the state of the floor (surface hygroscopicity), the number of layers applied. Typically, consumption is 200-350 grams per square meter of area, but there are exceptions. The package must indicate the approximate consumption and the number of square meters of area for the processing of which there is enough material.

Drying time

The drying time of the primer also depends on the composition and characteristics of the surface. Usually the soil dries within 4-12 hours, but here it is worth considering some nuances. Much depends on environmental conditions - at low temperatures and high humidity, the primer for concrete floors dries longer, at high temperatures and dryness - faster.

Primer drying under optimal conditions:

• Polyurethane - 8-12 hours (maximum day)
• Acrylic - 2-4 hours
• Epoxy - 2 hours (maximum 5 days)

Number of blocks: 10 | Total number of characters: 16868
Number of donors used: 4
Information for each donor: