Wood balcony decoration: natural material

A wide variety of finishing materials and all kinds of stylistic directions allows you to experiment in the design of small balconies. One of the most environmentally friendly materials is wood. The wood-paneled balcony is an excellent stylistic solution for any home.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like all other finishes, this has its advantages and disadvantages. The main advantages include safety and non-toxic coating. Another bonus is the ease of installation. It is possible to sheathe a balcony with wood even on your own, having spent not too much time on it.

The wooden coating does not look as boring as it might seem at first glance. There are many types of wood and their processing options that can greatly change the appearance of the material. Therefore, you can not be afraid that the tree will look too banal and simple.

The disadvantages of this method of decoration include fragility. Untreated wood is very sensitive to temperature extremes, and over time it can begin to rot or dry out. If you want to remodel or decorate a balcony with wood, then make sure that all materials are treated with special protective agents before installation.

Materials

If you decide to trim the balcony from the inside with wood, then you should familiarize yourself with the whole variety of materials that will allow you to translate this idea into reality. In addition to the classic wood panels, which differ only in colors and textures, there are other options. To finish the balcony space from the inside, sheets of MFD or drywall, cork or bamboo panels can be used.

But the lining still remains the most popular option. She looks aesthetically attractive, and at the same time, she is very good quality. Decorating the balcony with a lining from the inside, you will feel there as comfortable and cozy as possible, because this material has excellent thermal insulation properties. Using this material for decoration, you will create a cozy atmosphere in the room.

There are two options for this finish: a full array or individual panels. Finishing with solid wood is much more expensive. And not everyone can perform such complicated procedures with their own hands. Much easier and cheaper to install separate panels. As a result, the design looks no worse, and you save money significantly.

Most often, for interior decoration use wood of pine, spruce, ash, oak or cedar. But it may well be some more rare species of wood. When choosing a material, you need to pay attention to how smooth and high-quality its surface. Cheap low-class materials can be taken only if you plan to additionally paint the walls.

Do it yourself

If you decide to finish the surface of the balcony walls with wood yourself, then this simple instruction will come in handy.

To install wood panels in them, you need to drill several holes. On the balcony wall itself and the frame, which was built for the reliability of the finish, you also need to drill holes 40 cm deep. They insert dowels, which allow you to fasten the panel to the wall with screws.

If you want to additionally insulate your balcony, then under the panels you can lay special heat reflectors or plastic film. They will protect the room from winter cold.

Material selection

When you make repairs, the main task is to make the room look attractive. Therefore, it is necessary to choose beautiful and solid materials for covering the balcony. Their choice should also correspond to the style in the interior of those rooms to which the loggia adjoins. For example, you should not use wooden trim on the balcony if it is adjacent to the hall with a minimalist design, furniture made of glass, plastic and metal. A PVC loggia paneling is inappropriate next to an exquisite Baroque bedroom. This should be taken into account. The balcony, the interior decoration of which is planned for many years, can be combined with a kitchen or other room in the house.

Due to the very wide range of cladding materials, it is sometimes difficult to choose the most suitable. However, wood has been popular for many years. Walls lined with wooden beams are always in fashion. This is a classic.

Timber trim in the balcony

In addition, such a noble environmentally friendly material is pleasant to the touch and creates a warm, cozy atmosphere in the room.

It’s easy to work with. It is wear resistant. Decorating the balcony with wood, photo samples of which are presented in our gallery, is an excellent solution for repairs. Wooden walls on a loggia are made out, as a rule, by means of lining.

Eurolining on the loggia

It is a bar of various widths from such types of wood as alder, cedar, oak, pine, linden. We list the advantages of this type of cladding:

1. it retains heat well, has good sound insulation,
2. does not require complicated care
3. such a balcony will last a long time,
4. does not emit harmful substances, slightly evaporates and absorbs moisture,
5. aesthetic
6. refers to natural materials,
7. wood paneling is easy to do with your own hands.

If you choose wood paneling for your loggia, you will not regret it. Wood less plastic is subject to mechanical damage. Perhaps the only weak point of such a material is the need to apply varnish on it from time to time and protect it from excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Humidity also damages the tree. However, the destruction and deformation of such a finish is easy to prevent. To do this, you need not to spare money for processing wood with special compounds, impregnation with an antiseptic.

Eurolining in a facing of a balcony

The most suitable way to finish the loggia under a tree is the use of eurolining. It looks good on the walls, its installation is quite simple. In construction supermarkets, you can purchase panels of such a material of a strictly defined size. The thickness of the board is 12.5 mm, the total width is 96 mm, and the working one is 88.

The value of the lining is affected by the class of raw materials from which it is made. Typically, construction masters use the following classification:

Class "Extra". The surface is flat, without roughness and flaws,

Extra wood

Appearance of class A lining boards

Class B Eurolining

As a rule, for the inner lining of the balcony it is necessary to use wood of the "Extra" class, A and B. Lining is made from different types of wood. Their prices also vary. Pine products are not very expensive, larch is more expensive, oak is rated even higher. In addition, when calculating the cost of lining your balcony, also consider the size of the room.

Of paramount importance in the process of working with wooden lining are the typical parameters of the beam. All of them are of the same size, which is very convenient for wall cladding. This allows you to lay the material in even rows. But with a lining of non-standard sizes, you have to tinker. Such panels are inappropriate to use for facing the loggia. Finishing the loggia inside, the video instructions for the implementation of which you will find on our website, can be done independently. It is only necessary to calculate the required amount of materials and stock up on appropriate equipment.

Stages of finishing the balcony

To work, you should prepare the following tools:

1. Hammer.
2. Saw or hacksaw for wood.
3. Joiner tray for cutting boards (miter box).
4. Spirit level.
5. Drill and drill.
6. Electric jigsaw.

First you need to prepare the machined surfaces, remove the old skin, plaster the walls and cover all the cracks. Do not forget to apply a special mixture that prevents the appearance of mold.

Warming and thermal insulation

The balcony sheathed with wood paneling should be well insulated.

Laying thermal insulation material on the loggia

If you purchased heat-insulating material in rolls, you need to attach it to the wall before mounting the frame. In the case of using mineral wool or foam panels, first install a crate of bars or aluminum profile, and after that a heat-insulating layer and vapor barrier in the form of a special film are laid in it.

Mount the crate

During the installation of the frame, it is necessary to correctly place the boards. When plating horizontally or diagonally, we place the bars vertically. And vice versa - for vertical cladding facing we put them horizontally. Placement of wooden planks, consider in the design of the loggia. With the transverse details of the cladding, you can visually increase the length of the walls, and the vertical arrangement of the lining will create the illusion of a higher ceiling. Sometimes a combined type of wooden finish is used: at the bottom of the wall, strengthen with horizontal slats, and the upper part is sheathed vertically. We mount a wooden crate, using wooden bars with a small cross section for this.

Mounting the frame for facing the balcony

We will install lining on it.

The wall needs to be checked with a level. Sometimes the installation of the battens begins with the lower guide. This is usually required when the frame in its upper part needs to be diverted more than at the bottom. And vice versa. Cut the guide to the required length.

Then you need to drill holes for dowels to a depth of 5 - 6 cm. To do this, make marks with an pencil at an equal distance from each other (60 - 80 cm). We use a 6 mm drill. The frame begins with angular supports.

It will be correct to place the bars at a distance of 50 cm from each other in several tiers: below the knees, then at the level of the thigh and the last - flush with the shoulders. Next, we fix plastic dowels in the guides, insert self-tapping screws into them, but do not completely twist. Using the level to check the level position, install the rail. Then hammer the chopik with a hammer and tighten with a screwdriver.

After that, you need to tie the ropes in a stretch to form clear vertical lines. We fix the remaining bars on them. After completing the installation of the vertical elements of the frame, we move on to its horizontal parts.

If necessary, between the parts of the crate we make a gasket of mineral wool or foam, fastening it with a special fixing foam. Then we put the vapor barrier. The next step is the sheathing of the balcony walls themselves.

Mounting a wooden lining

We attach the facing material from the corner. Usually, an uncomfortable angle is chosen first. You need to attach the first plank to the adjacent wall, look at the spirit level. It should be attached with nails to the comb and groove for greater strength. In this case, the crest of the first structural element is directed to the corner. Level check the correct location of the part. The material for the lining is positioned vertically. Using small nails, we fasten the part to the frame through the bottom of the groove. We put the punch to the hat and hammer in the nails.

An indent from the beginning of the ridge is marked in the opposite corner so that the board is easier to place. This may result in a small gap, which is subsequently covered with a baseboard.

In the same way, we sheathe the remaining area of ​​the loggia until the entire wall is covered with wooden planks.

Wood trim

Often the last part has to be cut to the required width. We start the cut material at an angle to the previous canvas and press firmly. In this case, the sheet becomes correct. Slots in the corners are covered with a regular baseboard or slats. Plinths are installed at the final stage. Then carry out the sheathing of the slopes and fasten the cashing.

The tree in the lining of the balcony will not hurt once again to cover with a special protective compound. Boards made of natural material can corrode mold over time. Therefore, they are treated with polyvinyl acetate putty. It is not harmful to human health and perfectly protects wood from moldiness.

The wood sheathing of the balcony is characterized by high strength and reliability, as well as an attractive appearance. Natural breathable material is always nicer to use for interior design than plastic and other cheap finishes. However, do not forget that wood is better protected from the bright sun. It can be varnished, but such a lining somewhat loses its environmental friendliness.

You can trim the balcony with wood on your own. In this case, you can spend money only on materials and save on paying for the wizard. You just need a little patience and a wooden loggia will delight you with comfort and coziness for many years.

Technology of work

Before installing the wooden cladding, the balcony must be glazed at least.

Before proceeding directly to the description of the technology of facing the balcony with a tree, I want to say that this stage is one of the last. And before it you need to perform many additional actions:

• to glaze the room - it can be plastic bags, although the glazing of the balconies with wood is quite in place,
• repair wall surfaces, paying particular attention to joints and corners,
• thoroughly waterproof and warm the balcony or loggia,
• install the facing material (in the described case - the lining),
• complete the decorative finish of all surfaces.

If you are a happy owner of your own home with a balcony, then the scope for imagination here, of course, increases. You can, for example, make a railing of wood. In this case, the design of the room will be perceived more holistically and organically.

However, I will not fantasize and will return to the description of the process of lining a balcony with a clapboard in an apartment building, which I carried out by order of one of my clients.

What kind of euro lining is suitable for a balcony?

There are three classes of eurolining:

1. Grade A - these are boards on the surface of which there are practically no knots and a core. The surface of class A euro lining has a uniform shade and is characterized by perfect smoothness.
2. Grade B implies that a small number of knots are allowed on the surface, the size of which should not exceed 15-20 mm. These are high-quality boards with good performance.
3. Grade C - boards with knots up to 25 mm in size, through holes, stripes and recesses.

If the budget allows, it is better to use high-quality class A euro lining as upholstery, as it is the most resistant to damage and destructive environmental factors.

Grade B is slightly inferior to the performance class A, it can be put a solid four with a plus. Such a lining is cheaper. In popularity, it is not inferior to class A.

A class C board, which is the most budgetary option, is used as the facing material for the balcony least often.

It is definitely impossible to answer the question of which lining is better for a balcony. After all, it all depends not only on the wood and grade of material, but also on the climatic zone, as well as on whether the balcony is located on the sunny side or not. Be sure to consider these factors.

Covering the balcony with a wooden lining

Cladding with wooden lining is a classic version of the balcony.The tree is natural, environmentally friendly, has an individual pattern for each board, excellent characteristics as a finishing material in terms of thermophysical indicators.

The clapboard lined balcony slightly smells of resin, the smell reminds of a fresh coniferous forest.

At the end of the work, all wooden surfaces are treated with a wood protection agent with a UV filter, which extends the life of the material or is tinted in any color.

Cladding of balconies with clapboard is another position that is part of the range of works that our specialists perform.

We offer grade “A” (with light knots), grade “Extra” (without knots) of coniferous species of wood: spruce, pine, larch, for decoration.

Lining, material selection

Eurolining It differs in the presence or absence of defects of wood from which it is made and processing defects. The total number of defects on one workpiece determines the type of lining. There are several types of eurolining (according to quality deterioration): Extra, A, B, C. Varieties B, C are not used due to a large number of defects, by Fenster SPb, for decorating the balcony.

Eurolining grade A- Healthy light fused round, oval and oblong knots with a diameter of up to 1/3 of the width of the product are allowed, a core with access to the front face of no more than 200 mm per linear meter and covered resin pockets is also allowed. Open resin pockets are not allowed.

Eurolining grade Extra- any knots, cracks, core are not allowed.

How to choose a lining for a covering of a balcony

It should be noted that: the humidity of the lining should be no more than 12%, otherwise it may deform over time.

If you have leaks on the balcony, a wooden lining is not suitable for you. As practice shows, the lining of varieties A and Extra during long-term operation behave identically, despite the presence of knots in varieties A. The choice of material depends on your preference.

Preparation process before starting

Do-it-yourself cladding of balconies with a clapboard does not begin with any instructions for use or installation rules, but with the selection of material and the necessary tool.

Of all the wood species existing on the construction market, the most suitable for balconies and loggias are:

• Pine - resistant to extreme temperatures, easy to process.
• Linden - its price is a little overpriced, but this is due to the positive qualities that it possesses: density, appearance, long terms of use. It is very rarely found insignificant size of knots.
• Larch - does not lend itself to decay, has an interesting texture, tolerates very low temperatures.

And here is a list of the necessary tools that will be needed in order for the lining of the balcony with a wooden lining to be made efficiently and quickly:

• Screwdriver. Without it, the work will progress very slowly,
• Electric drill. It’s completely a screwdriver if it’s not at hand,
• Hacksaw or jigsaw,
• An electric tool is much more efficient
• Building level,
• Roulette,
• Hammer.

Surface preparation

To save on heat-insulating materials, it is necessary to insulate only those walls that look onto the streets.

All the rest will be ennobled by lining, which, in fact, is also a kind of insulation.

List of what you need to purchase for insulation and installation work:

1. Bar 50x50 mm.
2. Hardware.
3. Finishing elements: skirting boards and decorative corners.
4. Vapor barrier film.
5. Insulation. And, of course, the lining itself.

Do not forget, the quality of the product completely and completely affects the final result.

A primer is applied to the cleaned surface, which helps to avoid streaks of street precipitation. The bars are installed on the wall with a step of 40-50 cm: a kind of balcony lathing for lining.

On top of the primer, a heater is fixed between the crate: most often people choose polystyrene and ecowool. They can be mounted on glue, or on plate nails.

Only walls can be primed, the floor can not be, otherwise there is a likelihood of condensate delay under the finishing material.

The technology of lining the balcony with a lining requires that the surface is smooth, otherwise such a design will be visually ugly, plus, its service life will be significantly reduced.

The third stage - installation of lining

In the prepared room, work begins with the floor on which the same lathing of timber is laid.

The step between the timber can be made about 30-40 cm, in case the balcony area is planned to be operated annually.

As for the ceiling, the beam is attached with a distance of 50-60 cm from each other, and the insulation is not required. It is generally not needed here, unless your balcony is on the top floor.

After that, we proceed to finishing the walls with Eurolining: fasteners (self-tapping screws or nails) should be hidden in that part of the panels, which closes next next.

Observing the order of covering the balcony with clapboard, you can easily achieve a positive result, and the new surface will delight you for many, many years.

Workflow Features

Still, you should be careful, because the lining is made of wood, and the natural material is too “tender” to various influences.

Strongly wet the surface of the skin of the balcony (lining) is not worth it, it is abundant moisture that causes the deformation of the slats. It is enough to lightly wet the rag.

Detergents should be used with caution, not all of them are suitable for wooden surfaces. If, nevertheless, it is required to erase a stubborn stain, then the best option would be to buy a cleaning gel.

Between the lining and the insulation air should circulate, that is, a distance of 2-3 cm should be left.

Note! In the corner, it is advisable to leave a gap of a few centimeters in order to improve air circulation. Then there will be no condensation, which will not lead to rapid decay.

It is better that the lining of the wooden lining of the balcony is carried out in warm time. Work at low temperatures can cause the tree to begin thermal compression in the spring: cracks form in some places.

Wood Clad Processing

After the installation has been fully completed, the tools are removed, and your loved ones are happy, you should perform another simple procedure - to process the surface.

And it is necessary to process it not with a simple varnish, which at low temperatures will not prove to be the best, but select special means.

What you need to know to cover the lining of the balcony for many years

Before covering the tree with scuba diving, make sure that it is completely dried. Otherwise, the remaining moisture in the tree will adversely affect the thin layer of the protective film.

Important! Moreover, the surface must also be clean from fine dust and chips.

If you do not trust modern antiseptics, then you can do it using ship varnish: affordable price, high wear resistance. But there is one drawback, such a coating deprives wood of the ability to breathe, which reduces the life of the product.

We decided to get a more expensive and reliable tool, pay attention to the description when buying: it must be indicated that the varnish is water-based. It is also good if it contains ultraviolet filters that protect the color of the wood from darkening. Of the manufacturers, Tikkurila and Penotek can be distinguished.

Apply varnish in several layers, after each layer (as soon as it is completely dry) it is desirable to grind the surface. This procedure will help smooth out the treated wooden lining.

That, in fact, was all that was required to be known before starting to ennoble the balcony of your apartment. The remaining questions can be found in the video: step-by-step instructions for installing a wooden lining on balconies and loggias. We wish you success in any endeavors!

How much lining for a covering of a balcony is necessary

The algorithm for calculating the area of ​​a room is best considered using the example of a 5x8 house, where we will sheathe the wall and ceiling with the lining.

Next, you need to calculate the quadrature of one of the rooms. Let its length (a) be 5m, width (b) - 4m, and height (c) - 2.5m. And then everything as we were taught in the school course of geometry.

1. Let's start with the long wall: we multiply its height by the length (ac) = 5x2.5 = 12.5 sq m.
2. The opposite wall will be the same size, so just multiply the result by two. 12.5x2 = 25 sq. M.
3. Now, by the same principle, we find the size of the smaller wall (bс) = 4x2.5 = 10 sq m. Multiply by two. 10x2 = 20 sq. M.
4. We multiply the length of the room by its width and get the ceiling area (ab) = 5x4 = 20 square meters.
5. We summarize the data obtained from paragraphs 2,3 and 4. And the quadrature for finishing one room is 25 + 20 + 20 = 65 sq. M.

We are trying to correctly calculate the area of ​​the balcony

Calculation of the quadrature of the balcony occurs according to the same principle, only in this case, for convenience, it is better to divide each side into its constituent figures.

Take appropriate measurements and calculate the area of ​​the figures according to the formula.

Fold - and you get the data of the balcony.

Calculation of the required amount of material

How to calculate the number of lining? First we need to know the size of the sheathing material.

Panels up to 1.6 cm thick are used for interior decoration, and panels from 1.8 cm thick are used for outdoor applications.

Knowing the width and height of the boards, we can find out their square. For example, if their height is 600 cm and their width is 9.5 cm, then the total area of ​​the board will be 0.52 square meters.

You can also seek help from a consultant in any building materials store or calculate using a special calculator on the manufacturer’s website.

It is recommended to take material with a margin in case of marriage or breakage during installation.

Cladding technology for balcony clapboard

It is a mistake to assume that for cladding a balcony with a clapboard, you need to know the entire appropriate mechanism for performing work.

In fact, it is enough to choose high-quality material and prudently stock up with the necessary construction equipment.

Still suitable larch, which does not rot, does not deteriorate under the influence of low temperatures and has an excellent texture.

Work Tools

In order for the work to go without special difficulties, it is enough to collect the necessary tools, in particular, to prepare a tape measure, level, drill (screwdriver), a hacksaw and a hammer.

Something will have to handle the joints, so a sealant can be useful here, which is very convenient to use, having at hand a special gun for tubes.

Surface preparation step

The lining will be lined with all the walls, except those that go outside. Naturally, it is better to insulate them, and at the same time to save on appropriate materials. It is important to know that the final result directly depends on their quality.

To insulate the walls and organize the installation of lining, bars are required that have dimensions of 50x50 mm. Corners, as well as plinths, will serve as decorative elements.

Still need hardware and insulation. A film insulating from steam will not be superfluous. And, of course, the lining itself (usually called eurolining).

The surface of the lining, which has not yet been processed, looks more elegant than a regular PVC panel.

When the bars are mounted on the facade, a heater is applied between them on top of the primer (more often it is ecowool or polystyrene). Only walls can be primed, this cannot be done on the floor due to the accumulation of condensate under the finishing materials.

The lining of the balcony with clapboard should be carried out on smooth surfaces, this will extend the service life and will allow you to create a beautiful appearance.

Lining installation

When the room is prepared for lining, they start from the floor, where there is already a crate similar to a wall.

The only caveat is that between the bars you can make a smaller step (30-40 cm), which will allow you to use the balcony for a long time.

In cases where the floor is already ready, it is necessary to finish the ceiling, fixing the beams by 50-60 cm from one another and not warming the surface, unless, of course, the balcony is on the top floor of the house.

When the floor and ceiling are prepared, you can proceed with the installation of the lining on the walls. Fasteners, which can be nails or self-tapping screws, must be hidden in those places of the panels, which will then be covered with the next row of sheathing.

How to work with the lining, so as not to damage it?

When installing the lining, it is advisable to do this carefully. After all, we are talking about natural material that is easy to damage during the process of covering the balcony. In particular, it is not recommended to wet the skin of the balcony with plenty of water, as excessive moisture contributes to the deformation of the slats.

The sponge should be wet during cleaning. As for detergents, they should be designed to care for wooden surfaces. In the presence of strong or difficult to remove dirt, you can use a small amount of cleaning gel that does not scratch the skin.

It is important even at the installation stage to provide options for accessing air under the casing, so at the corners it is necessary to leave gaps of several centimeters, this will eliminate condensation and will prevent rotting of the tree.

The work itself is best done in the warm season to avoid compression of the wood species and, as a result, the appearance of cracks.

Impregnation and coating for lining on the balcony

In pursuit of cheap, practical building materials, we forgot about wood, which half a century ago occupied a leading position in construction. Now the tree in the house is partly a roof, sometimes a floor, doors, furniture, decoration.

Due to massive deforestation and deforestation, the tree has risen in value. Not everyone can afford it. In addition, it is believed that wood requires special care and handling. But lining the balcony is not so expensive: the area of ​​walls and ceiling for the casing is small, installation is easy to do with your own hands.

Handling the lining on the balcony is more difficult. But the balcony finished with such material will look expensive and stylish! Entering it, each time you can breathe indescribable woody smell.

What you need to know when choosing material from wood

To properly care for a tree in the interior, you need to know its moisture, density, porosity, thermal conductivity, strength, hardness, viscosity.

In the construction and furniture business, coniferous-deciduous raw materials are used. Coniferous materials are more durable because they have resinous substances in the structure.

Density is high in spruce, aspen, pine, birch, oak dry wood. Out of competition - larch. Deciduous raw materials. Coniferous materials are more durable because they have resinous substances in the structure.

The presence of pores in hardwoods is 30-80%, conifers - 45-85%, therefore, for the primary processing of pine-spruce lining, more impregnation is required.

Aesthetic properties of wood include color, texture (surface gloss) and texture (fiber pattern). Aspen and birch lining are almost white. In other species, the shade varies from cream, tan to brown.

In the air, under the influence of moisture and the sun, the wood “burns out” - changes its color. The natural color of the tree can be changed artificially using stains, varnishes, dyes.

Most species have a matte finish, while beech, maple, oak, elm, and white acacia are shiny. Gloss can be enhanced by treating wood with varnish and waxes.

The cost of a tree depends on the fiber pattern, the internal structure of the trunk, the direction and method of cutting, the time of harvesting the wood and the place of growth of the tree. Conifers have simple, expressionless fiber lines.

An interesting drawing of beech, walnut, maple. The interweaving of oak, Karelian and ordinary birch fibers looks striking. Texture is important when wood paneling is going to be painted with a transparent finish.

What characteristics does a lining have

Lumber is obtained as a result of longitudinal sawing of logs of coniferous species: they have an even long trunk. Wide and thin timber - board.

It has two faces / faces and two ends / sawn ends. Depending on the processing of the edge-ends of the board, there are unedged, semi-edged, edged.

The ledge-comb on one side of the board is inserted into the groove-groove on the other board. The result is a particularly durable “tongue and groove” connection with an almost imperceptible seam.

In the market of finishing materials you can buy a variety of lining. It is classified by the presence of knotting, spots, cracks, chips, manifestations of resinousness. Extra material of the highest quality with indicators = 0 (zero) is the most expensive.

Next comes a lining of classes A, B, C. For example, wood panels, denoted by the letter C, can have four and a half meter long captive knots of a rather large diameter, cracks, stripes, blue spots (fungal lesions).

Lining classes A, B have flaws, respectively, less. During transportation and storage, serious manufacturing companies subject wood to chemical transport processing.

The lining should be taken certified, in the factory packaging with an indication of its characteristics, to buy either by the piece, or where you are allowed to unpack it, check.

Boards wrapped in polyethylene are a sure sign of a non-standard product. The number of defects is directly proportional to the efforts and means to correct them. If you come across material with holes from knots, try to close them. Cut suitable workpieces and insert firmly into the front of the board.

To preserve the beauty of wood, it is processed to a minimum.

Reasons why lining is required

With excess moisture, the wooden lining will rot. Untreated thin wood easily burns and is damaged by insects.

To reduce risks will allow its correct use. First of all, reliable waterproofing of the walls, the insulation of the balcony with non-combustible insulation materials are necessary. The balcony is supposed to be well ventilated, to prevent the appearance of condensation, cold bridges, sudden changes in temperature.

How to start processing the lining on the balcony

When you have no opportunity to buy already antiseptic lumber, you will have to process the lining, designed for the balcony, yourself.

The impregnations used to process wooden panel boards are chemical solutions with various additives. Handle them carefully.

To work, you will need rubber gloves, glasses, a respirator or mask, a long oilcloth. To process the lining, prepare a roller, a set of brushes, brushes, sponges, rags, spray guns, containers for liquids. Follow the recommendations of the flow chart, instructions for the use of chemical compositions.

On sale there are both mono primers and impregnations of a wide range of effects. It is assumed that by treating them with a lining, you protect it immediately from all risks. Universal remedies are better to prefer special drugs as more effective.

Whitening

A wood bleaching operation is needed when the board is already affected by the fungus. The indicator is the presence of blue, gray-black spots on its plane.

Processing the lining with chlorine-containing liquids does not kill the spores of microorganisms, but inhibits the development of the fungus. The bleach will lighten the board, but its penetration into the wood will destroy cellulose. The effect of chlorine is neutralized by washing off with a stream of warm water.

The bleached board needs to be dried in the air under a canopy, cleaned from efflorescence and antiseptic.

Resin

Resin often acts on the lining of coniferous materials, which prevents the penetration of the necessary impregnating compounds into the wood. Therefore, the board from resin "tears" will need to be cleaned.

For this, ready-made resin solvents are sold. But you can tar the board with alcohol, white spirit, acetone, gasoline. The liquid is applied to the treated surface several times, rubbed with a brush, washed, wiped with acetic acid, dried.

Fire treatment

Fire retardants or flame retardants are aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate, salts of boric, phosphoric acid.

The treatment of the lining with a flame retardant slows down or stops the burning of the tree, which makes it possible to extinguish the fire faster.

Fire-retardant impregnation of a wooden lining from all sides, especially from the ends. Impregnation is superficial and deep. It does not change the color of the processed lining. Deep vacuum impregnation is performed at a woodworking enterprise in the process of lumber production.

At home, in a soft ground, dig a hole to the size of the lining, line it with dense polyethylene, fill it with impregnation and soak the tree. Surface treatment is done by applying flame retardant with a brush, sponge, spray gun.

Such actions must be resumed after 2-3 years, if they are not going to put anything else on the lining.

When buying a flame retardant, pay attention to the type and class / group of fire protection. The highest level of fire protection are flame retardants of class I. Lining on the balcony can be treated with fire protection class II.

It is strictly forbidden to mix different fireproof liquids. Putting on the board the first and subsequent layers of impregnation is also supposed to be a product of the same brand and manufacturer.

Mold and Cough

Preparations against mold, fungal microorganisms and wood-damaging bugs, wood borers are called aniseptics, bioprotection, impregnates. Impregnations are available in dry, liquid, concentrated form, calculated per m2.

Antiseptics are divided into water-soluble, oily, combined. The first include impregnations based on copper sulfate, sodium fluoride and silicofluoride, zinc chloride.

Antiseptic properties are possessed by sodium tetraborate - borax. Oily primers are not used inside buildings. In case of insignificant infection of the wood with a cough, using a medical syringe, clog its passages with special wax and perform a deep treatment with the biological product “Anti-cough” or similar. With the processing of the lining from mold and insects, it is better not to pull.

Sealing cracks and other mechanical damage

If the fire protection of the lining is preferable to perform before it is mounted on the balcony, then the processing-alignment is done according to the finished skin.

It will be necessary to putty splits, cracks, to fill holes from knots. It is better to buy a putty on wood for industrial production in a small container - it dries quickly. Fill a dry board, guided by the text on the package.

Burnout treatment

Fir and spruce sawn timber is able to maintain its natural color for a long time, which cannot be said about pine, linden and other lining.

For them, protection against UV rays is very relevant. Processing is carried out using water-soluble impregnations containing UV filters. To protect the lining from the negative effects of sunlight and light, you can also use paintwork materials - paints and varnishes.

These include: varnish, paint, enamel, wax, oil. These painting products are non-aqueous and water-soluble, matte and glossy. It is customary to attribute them not so much to protective compositions as to finishing, decorating, performing an artistic and aesthetic function.

They cover wooden structures already treated with chemicals. Therefore, what to cover the lining on the balcony, we will tell in the next article.

Balcony Finishing Goals

Warming and glazing play a large role, but the decoration of the balconies inside will be no less important. Therefore, before deciding what materials to reasonably decorate a balcony, it is worth deciding what goals it will serve and what functions to perform.

Materials that are successfully used in a space closed from the weather may not be suitable for a room open to "all the winds", and the design preferences of each homeowner are very individual. To determine what is better to sheathe a balcony, we will arrange a short excursion to review the most popular materials.

The keynote of the decor: how to sheathe the balcony from the inside

There is a significant selection of materials for embodying all kinds of ideas for decorating balconies from the inside: from traditional wood paneling to the “brainchildren” of advanced plastic technologies that amaze with their variations in color schemes and textured solutions.

Each of the applicants for the role of material for covering the balcony or interior decoration of the loggias has its advantages and disadvantages.

Consider in more detail the positive and negative sides of the most popular, practical and easy to use:

Siding

At a moderate cost, it has fairly high technological characteristics: resistance to mechanical and atmospheric influences (moisture resistant, tolerates temperature extremes, does not corrode, does not change color under the influence of sunlight).

It has an attractive appearance, its surface does not require additional care - staining, etc., is available in a wide range of colors, can imitate natural materials. Differs in simplicity of installation and durability. Meets fire safety requirements.

Drywall

It has been used for a long time as a traditional covering of a balcony, especially in the case when the balcony initially has uneven walls. The main advantages are : good sound insulation, low cost, the ability to give the room the necessary geometry and a flat surface of the walls, ease of installation, since it is easily attached using a frame system or adhesive structures.

In addition, it is easy to hide electrical wiring behind drywall, and the material itself is non-combustible. It is able to keep its properties for a couple of decades.

By cons we can attribute the need for additional surface treatment: painting, decorative plastering, gluing with decorative film or ceramic tiles, although this factor can also be wrapped in a “plus”, if we consider it as an opportunity to update a boring interior.

Wood paneling

Finishing the balcony inside with this versatile material truly creates a warm atmosphere of coziness and gives a feeling of proximity to nature. Treated with special protective compounds is able to serve “faithfully” for more than a decade.

Main plus Natural lining is undoubtedly its environmental friendliness and reliability of the design. In addition, it has excellent soundproofing properties, excellent heat retention, resistant to mechanical damage and temperature extremes.

By grade, it has four classes “A” (1st grade), “B” (2nd grade), “C” (3rd grade) and “extra” or “premium” (premium, characterized by impeccable quality). By cons a fairly high price and susceptibility to the moisture indicator are related: at high - the wooden finish is prone to swelling, at low - to cracking.

The modern market also offers euro-lining, which is made from expensive elite wood using special drying technology and subsequent processing with flame retardants and antiseptics. Eurolining has special ventilation grooves, which serve to drain condensate, and in addition relieve tension from the board.

PVC lamellas and panels

The most economical covering of the balcony in terms of material costs and the ideal option for practicality: it is unpretentious in maintenance, has a long service life (the balcony sheathed in plastic does not lose its appearance for decades), thanks to a wide range of colors and patterns, it allows you to design a "holiday island" in any style.

Often used not only for walls, but also for decorating the ceiling on the balcony. To the positive side will join: ease of installation, immunity to chemical compounds, including aggressive ones, resistance to ultraviolet and humidity. If necessary, you can easily replace a damaged panel.

Although PVC products can not boast of high environmental friendliness, they are completely harmless to humans, with one exception - the case of a fire in the house (toxic substances are released during combustion).

MDF panels (particle board)

An excellent solution to sheathe a balcony inside, especially if there is no desire to spend time preparing walls and ceilings (installation of a crate is enough for installation).

This material has the best qualities comparable to the advantages of an elite lining, and in sound and heat insulation it even surpasses natural wood, at the same time it has a lower cost.

Extensive decor allows you to implement a very respectable design projects. The complexity of installation is reduced due to the width of the panel, which is about 200 mm. Unfortunately, MDF is not very resistant to mechanical stress and with a strong impact the panel will be damaged.

This material is not suitable for finishing an open balcony, as does not withstand high humidity and has the property of deformation. Among the disadvantages is the fact that wood-based products burn well, therefore, if it is necessary to conduct electrical wiring under the panels, it is better to "hide" them in the corrugation.

Decorative stone or brick tile

They can be used both for warm balconies and for open ones, as they have high strength, frost resistance, moisture resistance and durability. The coating does not rot, does not emit harmful substances, and is not an electrically conductive material.

Having excellent performance characteristics surpassing natural stone, they are favorably characterized by low weight, which significantly reduces the load on the base plate.

Decorative cladding of the balcony with brick tiles under a brick or decorative stone under granite looks stylish and impressive, therefore it is very popular in modern design, especially in the option of finishing loggias when used in a “duet” with other materials.

There are a number of varieties of materials for decorating loggias and balconies: laminated particleboard panels, OSB sheets, magnesite plates, cork, veneer, etc., but this is more like an “amateur” interior lining of a balcony, not very popular with current homeowners.

Step-by-step instruction: how to sheathe a balcony or loggia with PVC panels

PVC panels are able to withstand all the tests that affect the floor, ceiling and walls of the balcony - this part of the apartment is most affected by temperature extremes, humidity, dust and sunlight.

Even self-installation of plastic panels is quite simple to implement, if correctly and consistently to work on the decoration of the balcony.

First you need to decide on a working tool, where you need:

• Tape measure, pencil or marker,
• Building level, square,
• From a cutting tool - a knife, a hacksaw (for longitudinal cutting), an electric jigsaw (for transverse cutting) or the like,
• Wood and metal screws, dowels,
• Construction stapler with a set of staples or glue "liquid nails",
• Drill.

Before finishing the loggia, it is necessary to make measurements of the surfaces for decoration, to calculate the necessary materials and decorative and applied fittings, through which the panels will be fastened to the crate. In addition, you need to decide whether it will be the finish of a cold balcony (loggia) or insulated.

If the inner lining of the balcony implies an insulated version, then waterproofing and warming with foam or polystyrene are pre-made, followed by the laying of penofol, the main advantage of which is a foil coating that retains heat according to the "thermos" principle.

Having finished the preparation of materials, tools and work on insulation, you can safely begin mounting the frame, on which plastic elements will then be fixed.

So, in order:

• Preparation of surfaces with an antiseptic. If the loggia is made of brick, then it is advisable to cover the walls with antibacterial impregnation, for example, with milk of lime. For walls on a loggia made of reinforced concrete, it is logical to use a primer, then apply a layer of plaster. Do not forget to pre-patch all the cracks and bumps with glue mixtures.
• Before attaching the frame, all attachment points should be identified and marked. In order to avoid distortions, we take a plumb line and a level. The installation step of the frame elements is calculated in the vertical direction with the horizontal installation of panels and vice versa.
• The crate is made of a metal profile or wooden bars, which are attached to the surface of the walls and ceiling using self-tapping screws or dowels. When fastening the beam, the level monitoring should also be done.
• Installation of PVC panels is rational to start from the corner near the window frame. To sheathe the walls, a “F” -shaped frame is first fixed with a construction stapler to the wooden crate. The first plastic panel is fixed inside the "F" -shaped plank and fastened with brackets to the wooden frame. Subsequent panels are installed one to the other using the "tongue-and-groove" system and are also attached to the frame with a stapler. For installing panels above the window unit and on the parapet. They are pre-cut to the desired size.
• Similarly to the walls, the ceiling is finished on the loggia: along the entire length of the loggia above the balcony block and above the window frame (leaving the distance to the ceiling) two wooden slats are attached, wooden bars are also installed perpendicularly with a pitch of 400-500 mm. Then additional longitudinal rails are mounted with the same step, which are attached to the perpendicular bars. Then, “P” -shaped plastic strips are installed around the perimeter, into the grooves of which PVC panels are inserted, interconnected according to the “tongue-and-groove” system,
• As the final stage, at the junction of the slopes of the window block and plastic panels, corners are glued to give a complete picture of the design of the balcony.

Distinctive nuances: how to trim a balcony with drywall

Due to the fact that drywall is a fragile material and is used only as a leveling lining of a balcony or loggia, there are some features for the implementation of its installation:

• Decorative loggia plasterboard can be made only at a plus temperature,
• Before installation, thoroughly clean and process the surface of the walls, repair all cracks. The procedure for finishing brick balconies is the same as for balconies with concrete walls,
• At least two days before the walls of the loggia are finished with plasterboard, it is necessary to waterproof and carefully coat the surfaces (it is better to choose a primer with antiseptic properties),
• The wall frame is fastened in accordance with the description of the work for finishing the loggias with PVC plates, with the exception of a larger step between the frame elements of 600 mm.,
• Before sheathe the balcony inside, you should take care of its thermal insulation and vapor barrier,
• Fixed GPL sheets must be carefully puttied,
• As the final decoration of the loggia, a drywall finish coating is used: painting, decorative putty, wallpaper, decorative stone, etc. Do not forget that the finish coating is done only after the putty is completely dried.

Subtleties on how to properly sheathe a balcony with a wooden clapboard

The procedure for material selection, surface preparation, insulation, waterproofing is completely identical to the installation of PVC panels.

However, in order for the lining of the loggia with a natural lining to please the eye long enough, it is worth using hidden fastenings when installing it.

In this case, over time, you will not have to observe in the places of attachment of rusty, ugly stains on a tree. And a little more subtlety: you should not allow a large allowance for parts, so as not to cause bulging of the material. The maximum effect is achieved if the decoration of the ceiling of the balcony and the floor are also made by lining.

How to decorate the walls on the balcony from the outside

It is not enough to sheathe the balcony inside, you also need to take care of the exterior decoration of balconies and loggias. Any external decoration of balconies must confidently withstand all the "whims" of the weather. Therefore, for these purposes, use particularly strong and resistant materials.

We single out the most progressive:

• You can sheathe the balcony from the outside with corrugated board. The fact that due to its mechanical strength, it will survive hail and blows of branches, there is no doubt
• Facing the outside of the balcony can be with granite or stone chips,
• The loggia trim with vinyl siding (regular or basement), imitating stone or brickwork, looks great. This option is almost not inferior to the covering of the balcony with a professional sheet,
• Good finish of the balcony with tiles (ceramic, frost-resistant) or decorative stone with high strength,
• It is not uncommon to use wood trim on the balcony, but unlike the internal “decoration”, the exterior trim of the balconies with a wooden lining requires special care.

The better to finish the balcony open to "all the winds"

For finishing a cold balcony without glazing, it is rational to use the same materials as for the outer cladding. True, recently, there is another material worthy of attention - polycarbonate, which is applicable as a visor.

You can add decorative plaster for outdoor work to the above materials for exterior decoration.

How to finish a loggia with a brick wall

The most inexpensive way to transform a brick wall on a loggia is to paint it.

The only thing that needs to be done is to thoroughly prepare (brush the seams with a brush and grind the bumps with sandpaper) and prime the surface of the wall. A variety of colors will help create a very interesting decor project.

Conclusion: how and how to sheathe a loggia or balcony

It is hardly possible to affirm the priority of this or that material, since the decision on how to sheathe a loggia is made by each owner purely individually, for their personal reasons, basing on their cost, installation conditions and just any preferences.

Someone is closer to a natural tree, and someone is delighted with modern technology. In any case, no matter which option is chosen, the main thing is that the interior design on the loggia: decoration and colors bring real pleasure to its owners!